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Seneca County, NY

Migration of people and income, 20222023 filing years

At a glance (2023)

Cost of living
108
8% above the U.S. average
Median home value
$142,700
national $303,400
Home prices, 5 years
+55.0%
over the 5 years to 2023
Monthly rent
$925
national $1,348
Homeownership
72%
national 65%
Unemployment
3.5%
national 3.6%
Household income
$66,007
national $78,538
Median age
42.8 yrs
national 38.7

Cost of living is the statewide price level for New York (state avg).

The cost of living runs about 8% above the national average. The median home is valued at $142,700 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 55% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $925 a month. Unemployment averaged 3.5% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $66,007. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved.

Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Seneca County, NY saw a net loss of 11 tax-filing households and a net loss of 13 individuals. Against a population of about 32,349, that is a net outflow of about 0.4 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $4.8M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 150 households, came from Ontario County; the largest outflow, about 147 households, went to Ontario County. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 234 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved.

Net income (AGI)
-$4.8M
nominal dollars
Net households
-11
tax returns
Net people
-13
exemptions

-0.4 net people per 1,000 residents (population 32,349)

Income (AGI) in and out

Moved in$38.6M
Moved out$43.4M
Net -$4.8M (nominal)
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Seneca County within New York

Seneca County is outlined, with arrows tracing its largest moves to and from other New York counties. Hover any county for its figures; click to open it.

Net outNet in(AGI $)
Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves.
Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly.
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Where movers came from

  1. 1Ontario County, NY150$7.8M
  2. 2Wayne County, NY73$2.7M
  3. 3Tompkins County, NY52$2.2M
  4. 4Cayuga County, NY47$2.3M
  5. 5Monroe County, NY41$3.1M
  6. 6Onondaga County, NY22$1.8M
  7. 7Yates County, NY22$918K
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Where movers went

  1. 1Ontario County, NY147$7.7M
  2. 2Wayne County, NY68$3.3M
  3. 3Cayuga County, NY47$2.3M
  4. 4Tompkins County, NY46$2.7M
  5. 5Monroe County, NY42$2.6M
  6. 6Onondaga County, NY23$1.3M
  7. 7Schuyler County, NY21$1.4M
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Churn by county · both directions at once

The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 20222023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort.

Ontario County, NY150147+3+$77K
Wayne County, NY7368+5-$596K
Tompkins County, NY5246+6-$461K
Cayuga County, NY47470-$6K
Monroe County, NY4142-1+$576K
Onondaga County, NY2223-1+$512K
Yates County, NY22
Schuyler County, NY21

Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed.

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Net migration by year

Net 2012–2023: -$36.6M (-1,364 people)
20122023
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Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars)
YearNet AGINet people
2012+$1.3M-77
2013-$13.9M-206
2014-$6.3M-194
2015-$6.9M-53
2016+$2.2M-56
2017-$304K-184
2018-$1.4M-106
2019-$3.9M+27
2020-$603K-297
2021+$2.7M+29
2022-$4.7M-234
2023-$4.8M-13
Migration in context

How big is this move, relative to the county?

In the 20222023 filing year, about 13 more people left Seneca County, NY than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $4.8M in income (nominal) — in a county of 32,449 people.

Population
32,449
Census 2023 estimate
Net migration rate
-0.4
net people per 1,000 residents
A town of 10,000 would net about -4 people.
Net income per resident
−$148
nominal dollars
-$4.8M total across 32,449 residents.

The rate lets you compare Seneca County, NY with a countyof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people.

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Components of population change · 2023 (Census)

Where the county’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component.

Births
+302
Deaths
-368
Net domestic migration
-214
Net international migration
+56
Total change
-227

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers.

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Income & cost of living

What a dollar is worth here

Prices around Seneca County, NY run about 8% above the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $93 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person.

Income per person
$50,258
what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal)
28% below the U.S. average
Price level
107.8
100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity)
everyday costs about 7.8% higher than average
What that income buys
$46,603
local income restated at U.S.-average prices
33% below the U.S. average
Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier

This county isn't in a metro area that BEA prices separately, so cost of living shows the New York (state avg) figure.

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Where the cost comes from · price parity by category

Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another.

Housing & rents122.0
Goods105.1
Utilities135.4
Other services104.9

Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works.

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Who lives here

The people of Seneca County, NY

American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers).

Median age
42.8
years
Median household income
$66,007
per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal)
16% below the U.S. median
College degree
24%
adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher
Poverty rate
13.3%
residents below the poverty line
Average commute
21 min
mean travel time to work
Broadband at home
85%
households with any broadband
Race and ethnicity (share of residents)
White 88%Hispanic 4%Black 4%Asian 1%Other 4%

White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works.

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Housing · what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023)

Median home value
$142,700
owner-occupied homes
53% below the U.S. median
Median rent
$925
gross rent per month
31% below the U.S. median
Homeownership
72%
of occupied homes are owner-occupied
Home-price appreciation · FHFA index, 2023
Past year
+8.6%
price change, 2022 to 2023
Past 5 years
+55%
price change, 2018 to 2023

A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index.

New home construction · building permits, 2023
46new housing units authorized in 2023
Single-family 100%Multifamily 0%

Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey.

Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works.

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Local economy & risk

Jobs and natural hazards

Unemployment rate
3.5%
BLS 2023 annual average
Labor force
13,930
13,448 employed
Disaster declarations
major federal, 2023

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works.

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Unemployment now
3.8%
April 2026 · ▲ 0.4 points vs April 2025
January 2024April 2026

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this county, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works.

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How Seneca County, NY has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page.

YearDemocraticRepublicanOtherMarginTotal
20246,6108,37945R +11.815,034
20206,9148,329475R +9.015,718
20165,6977,2361,047R +11.013,980
20126,7155,2441,307D +11.113,266
20087,4227,038265D +2.614,725
20046,7717,603951R +5.415,325
20006,8416,734758D +0.714,333

Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast.

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