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Tompkins County, NY

Migration of people and income, 20222023 filing years

At a glance (2023)

Cost of living
100
in line with the U.S. average (100)
Median home value
$271,500
national $303,400
Home prices, 5 years
+43.9%
over the 5 years to 2023
Monthly rent
$1,374
national $1,348
Homeownership
54%
national 65%
Unemployment
3.2%
national 3.6%
Household income
$73,012
national $78,538
Median age
32.8 yrs
national 38.7

Cost of living is the metro-area price level for Ithaca, NY.

The cost of living is about in line with the national average. The median home is valued at $271,500 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 44% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,374 a month. Unemployment averaged 3.2% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $73,012. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved.

Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Tompkins County, NY saw a net loss of 646 tax-filing households and a net loss of 847 individuals. Against a population of about 103,558, that is a net outflow of about 8.2 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $54.7M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 173 households, came from Cortland County; the largest outflow, about 205 households, went to New York County. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 1,154 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved.

Net income (AGI)
-$54.7M
nominal dollars
Net households
-646
tax returns
Net people
-847
exemptions

-8.2 net people per 1,000 residents (population 103,558)

Income (AGI) in and out

Moved in$207.9M
Moved out$262.5M
Net -$54.7M (nominal)
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Tompkins County within New York

Tompkins County is outlined, with arrows tracing its largest moves to and from other New York counties. Hover any county for its figures; click to open it.

Net outNet in(AGI $)
Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves.
Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly.
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Churn by county · both directions at once

The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 20222023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort.

Cortland County, NY173198-25-$3.1M
New York County, NY88205-117-$8.5M
Tioga County, NY88102-14-$1.1M
Kings County, NY7998-19+$903K
Onondaga County, NY7792-15-$2M
Cayuga County, NY6886-18-$2.1M
Middlesex County, MA5895-37-$1.3M
Monroe County, NY5571-16-$1.2M
Chemung County, NY4671-25+$979K
Schuyler County, NY4868-20-$1.2M
Broome County, NY5658-2+$566K
Los Angeles County, CA5451+3+$150K

Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed.

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Net migration by year

Net 2012–2023: -$439.4M (-10,644 people)
20122023
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Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars)
YearNet AGINet people
2012-$33.5M-1,299
2013-$13.8M-607
2014-$23.5M-905
2015-$13.4M-484
2016-$39.2M-907
2017-$52.5M-1,441
2018-$28.6M-705
2019-$45.1M-661
2020-$17.6M-847
2021-$19.8M-787
2022-$97.7M-1,154
2023-$54.7M-847
Migration in context

How big is this move, relative to the county?

In the 20222023 filing year, about 847 more people left Tompkins County, NY than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $54.7M in income (nominal) — in a county of 104,453 people.

Population
104,453
Census 2023 estimate
Net migration rate
-8.1
net people per 1,000 residents
A town of 10,000 would net about -81 people.
Net income per resident
−$523
nominal dollars
-$54.7M total across 104,453 residents.

The rate lets you compare Tompkins County, NY with a countyof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people.

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Components of population change · 2023 (Census)

Where the county’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component.

Births
+653
Deaths
-779
Net domestic migration
-401
Net international migration
+819
Total change
+276

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers.

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Income & cost of living

What a dollar is worth here

Prices around Tompkins County, NY run about 0% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $100 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person.

Income per person
$53,975
what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal)
23% below the U.S. average
Price level
99.5
100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity)
everyday costs about 0.5% lower than average
What that income buys
$54,231
local income restated at U.S.-average prices
23% below the U.S. average
Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier

Cost of living shown for the Ithaca, NY metro area (BEA publishes price parities by metro, not by county).

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Where the cost comes from · price parity by category

Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another.

Housing & rents101.3
Goods97.4
Utilities130.8
Other services99.2

Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works.

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Who lives here

The people of Tompkins County, NY

American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers).

Median age
32.8
years
Median household income
$73,012
per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal)
7% below the U.S. median
College degree
59%
adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher
Poverty rate
15.3%
residents below the poverty line
Average commute
21 min
mean travel time to work
Broadband at home
90%
households with any broadband
Race and ethnicity (share of residents)
White 75%Hispanic 6%Black 3%Asian 10%Other 6%

White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works.

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Housing · what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023)

Median home value
$271,500
owner-occupied homes
11% below the U.S. median
Median rent
$1,374
gross rent per month
2% above the U.S. median
Homeownership
54%
of occupied homes are owner-occupied
Home-price appreciation · FHFA index, 2023
Past year
+11.3%
price change, 2022 to 2023
Past 5 years
+44%
price change, 2018 to 2023

A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index.

New home construction · building permits, 2023
343new housing units authorized in 2023
Single-family 43%Multifamily 57%

Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey.

Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works.

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Local economy & risk

Jobs and natural hazards

Unemployment rate
3.2%
BLS 2023 annual average
Labor force
48,795
47,255 employed
Disaster declarations
major federal, 2023

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works.

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Unemployment now
3.5%
April 2026 · ▲ 0.6 points vs April 2025
January 2024April 2026

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this county, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works.

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How Tompkins County, NY has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page.

YearDemocraticRepublicanOtherMarginTotal
202434,63111,354547D +50.046,532
202033,61911,0961,333D +48.946,048
201628,89010,3713,417D +43.442,678
201224,87210,1914,607D +37.039,670
200829,82611,927732D +42.142,485
200425,65913,5393,204D +28.642,402
200021,80713,3514,902D +21.140,060

Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast.

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