Kent County, MI
Migration of people and income, 2022–2023 filing years
At a glance (2023)
Cost of living is the metro-area price level for Grand Rapids-Wyoming-Kentwood, MI.
The cost of living runs about 5% below the national average. The median home is valued at $265,700 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 60% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,176 a month. Unemployment averaged 3.3% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $80,390. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved.
Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Kent County, MI saw a net loss of 268 tax-filing households and a net loss of 1,671 individuals. Against a population of about 661,354, that is a net outflow of about 2.5 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $121.1M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 2,465 households, came from Ottawa County; the largest outflow, about 2,811 households, went to Ottawa County. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 3,618 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved.
-2.5 net people per 1,000 residents (population 661,354)
Income (AGI) in and out
Kent County within Michigan
Kent County is outlined, with arrows tracing its largest moves to and from other Michigan counties. Hover any county for its figures; click to open it.
Where movers came from
- 1Ottawa County, MI2,465$138.9M
- 2Allegan County, MI570$35.7M
- 3Muskegon County, MI505$20.5M
- 4Oakland County, MI505$38.1M
- 5Montcalm County, MI492$23M
- 6Kalamazoo County, MI473$29.6M
- 7Ionia County, MI375$21.9M
- 8Ingham County, MI372$19.6M
- 9Barry County, MI358$21.9M
- 10Cook County, IL331$36.4M
Where movers went
- 1Ottawa County, MI2,811$197.7M
- 2Allegan County, MI675$53.6M
- 3Montcalm County, MI634$36.2M
- 4Muskegon County, MI569$29.7M
- 5Barry County, MI516$40.9M
- 6Ionia County, MI497$26.7M
- 7Oakland County, MI415$28.6M
- 8Newaygo County, MI410$22M
- 9Cook County, IL390$34.5M
- 10Kalamazoo County, MI365$19.3M
Churn by county · both directions at once
The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 2022–2023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort.
| Ottawa County, MI | 2,465 | 2,811 | -346 | -$58.7M |
| Allegan County, MI | 570 | 675 | -105 | -$17.9M |
| Montcalm County, MI | 492 | 634 | -142 | -$13.2M |
| Muskegon County, MI | 505 | 569 | -64 | -$9.2M |
| Oakland County, MI | 505 | 415 | +90 | +$9.4M |
| Barry County, MI | 358 | 516 | -158 | -$19M |
| Ionia County, MI | 375 | 497 | -122 | -$4.8M |
| Kalamazoo County, MI | 473 | 365 | +108 | +$10.3M |
| Newaygo County, MI | 321 | 410 | -89 | -$7.2M |
| Cook County, IL | 331 | 390 | -59 | +$1.9M |
| Ingham County, MI | 372 | 254 | +118 | +$9.2M |
| Wayne County, MI | 329 | 273 | +56 | +$1.2M |
Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed.
Net migration by year
| Year | Net AGI | Net people |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 | +$9.8M | +175 |
| 2013 | +$53.3M | +670 |
| 2014 | +$35.2M | -179 |
| 2015 | -$25.4M | -320 |
| 2016 | +$5.9M | -516 |
| 2017 | +$2M | -3,185 |
| 2018 | -$20.1M | -1,376 |
| 2019 | -$91.4M | -2,295 |
| 2020 | +$85.5M | -3,674 |
| 2021 | -$133.9M | -3,472 |
| 2022 | +$64M | -3,618 |
| 2023 | -$121.1M | -1,671 |
How big is this move, relative to the county?
In the 2022–2023 filing year, about 1,671 more people left Kent County, MI than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $121.1M in income (nominal) — in a county of 663,819 people.
The rate lets you compare Kent County, MI with a countyof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people.
Components of population change · 2023 (Census)
Where the county’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers.
What a dollar is worth here
Prices around Kent County, MI run about 5% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $105 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person.
Cost of living shown for the Grand Rapids-Wyoming-Kentwood, MI metro area (BEA publishes price parities by metro, not by county).
Where the cost comes from · price parity by category
Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another.
Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works.
The people of Kent County, MI
American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers).
White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works.
Housing · what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023)
A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index.
Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey.
Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works.
Jobs and natural hazards
Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this county, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works.
Elections
National maps →How Kent County, MI has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page.
| Year | Democratic | Republican | Other | Margin | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 192,668 | 172,720 | 6,559 | D +5.4 | 371,947 |
| 2020 | 187,915 | 165,741 | 7,392 | D +6.1 | 361,048 |
| 2016 | 138,683 | 148,180 | 21,321 | R +3.1 | 308,184 |
| 2012 | 133,408 | 155,925 | 3,652 | R +7.7 | 292,985 |
| 2008 | 149,909 | 148,336 | 4,990 | D +0.5 | 303,235 |
| 2004 | 116,909 | 171,201 | 2,781 | R +18.7 | 290,891 |
| 2000 | 95,442 | 148,602 | 6,274 | R +21.2 | 250,318 |
Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast.
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