How America Moves

Migration by income bracket

Net migration of filers by income (AGI) bracket, by state, 2022–2023 filing years.

Among filers reporting $200k or more in adjusted gross income, Florida recorded the largest net gain of households in the 2022 to 2023 filing years, and California the largest net loss. Use the bracket selector on the map to see every income range.

Income bracket (AGI)
Net outNet in(AGI $)
Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly.
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Net migration of tax filers whose adjusted gross income falls in the $200k+ bracket, 2022 to 2023. This is an income bracket (size of AGI), not a tax-rate bracket. The IRS reports this split for states only, so there is no county view. Filers with negative AGI are excluded, and the smallest flows are suppressed for privacy.

How many households moved, by income

Filing households that moved between states (into or out of one), 2022–2023, by the income bracket they reported. Higher brackets show fewer moves in part because fewer filers report those incomes; this is move volume, not a moving rate.

$1–$10k
690,472
$10k–$25k
1,509,170
$25k–$50k
2,032,918
$50k–$75k
1,224,043
$75k–$100k
764,002
$100k–$200k
1,192,198
$200k+
601,318

Net migration of $200k+ filers by year

2018–2023
Florida(+21,908 in 2023)California(-15,705 in 2023)
20182023
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Net migration of $200k+ filing households by year and state
YearFloridaCalifornia
2018+12,918-8,021
2019+14,271-9,163
2020+20,263-19,229
2021+27,567-27,341
2022+29,771-24,670
2023+21,908-15,705

The state with the largest net gain and the largest net loss of $200k+ filers in 2023, tracked back across every loaded year. Net is filing households that arrived minus those that left; it does not explain why anyone moved.

Where the highest earners moved ($200k+)

States with the largest net gain and loss of filing households reporting $200k+ in AGI, 2022–2023. Net income (AGI) is nominal.

Biggest net gains

  1. 1Florida+21,908+$17B
  2. 2Texas+5,084+$2.2B
  3. 3North Carolina+4,784+$1.7B
  4. 4South Carolina+4,571+$2.3B
  5. 5Tennessee+3,122+$1.4B
  6. 6Arizona+3,119+$1.9B
  7. 7Nevada+1,595+$1B
  8. 8Idaho+1,326+$557.7M
  9. 9Georgia+1,137-$35M
  10. 10New Hampshire+852+$574.8M

Biggest net losses

  1. 1California-15,705-$7.6B
  2. 2New York-10,498-$6.8B
  3. 3Illinois-7,090-$4.4B
  4. 4Massachusetts-3,965-$2.9B
  5. 5New Jersey-2,596-$1.8B
  6. 6Pennsylvania-2,445-$1.5B
  7. 7Maryland-2,166-$1B
  8. 8Washington-2,057-$1.2B
  9. 9District of Columbia-1,824-$726.4M
  10. 10Minnesota-1,773-$1.1B

Which state gained and lost the most in every bracket

The largest net gain and net loss of filing households in each income bracket, 2022–2023. Net income (AGI) is nominal.

Income bracketBiggest net gainBiggest net loss
$1–$10kNorth Carolina+2,001+$11.2MCalifornia-8,782-$45.4M
$10k–$25kTexas+8,418+$148.7MCalifornia-16,585-$289.2M
$25k–$50kTexas+14,937+$549.5MCalifornia-21,461-$785.9M
$50k–$75kTexas+8,550+$528.2MCalifornia-13,009-$806.2M
$75k–$100kTexas+6,506+$565.4MCalifornia-8,989-$784.2M
$100k–$200kFlorida+19,219+$2.8BCalifornia-19,293-$2.7B
$200k+Florida+21,908+$17BCalifornia-15,705-$7.6B

The IRS reports migration by income only for states, so there is no county view. Brackets are the size of adjusted gross income (an income bracket, not a tax-rate bracket). Filers with negative AGI are excluded and the smallest flows are suppressed for privacy, so brackets do not sum to a state’s all-income total. Figures cover federal income tax filers only; AGI is nominal. Source: IRS Statistics of Income migration data (public domain). What this data is. Methodology.