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Louisiana

State-to-state migration of people and income, 20222023 filing years

At a glance (2023)

Cost of living
89
11% below the U.S. average
Median home value
$208,700
national $303,400
Home prices, 5 years
+23.9%
over the 5 years to 2023
Monthly rent
$1,038
national $1,348
Homeownership
67%
national 65%
Unemployment
3.7%
national 3.6%
Household income
$60,023
national $78,538
Median age
37.8 yrs
national 38.7

The cost of living runs about 11% below the national average. The median home is valued at $208,700 (nominal). Home prices have risen about 24% over the five years to 2023. Median rent is about $1,038 a month. Unemployment averaged 3.7% in 2023 (national 3.6%). Median household income is $60,023. These figures describe all residents, not just tax filers, come from separate sources than the migration data on this page, and do not indicate why anyone moved.

Between the 2022 and 2023 filing years, Louisiana saw a net loss of 10,253 tax-filing households and a net loss of 17,408 individuals. Against a population of about 4,573,749, that is a net outflow of about 3.8 per 1,000 residents. On net, the area lost $806M in associated adjusted gross income (AGI, nominal dollars). The largest inflow, about 10,522 households, came from Texas; the largest outflow, about 15,068 households, went to Texas. In the prior (2022) filing year, the area saw a net loss of 26,164 individuals. These figures cover federal income tax filers only and do not indicate why people moved.

Net income (AGI)
-$806M
nominal dollars
Net households
-10,253
tax returns
Net people
-17,408
exemptions

-3.8 net people per 1,000 residents (population 4,573,749)

Income (AGI) in and out

Moved in$2.2B
Moved out$3B
Net -$806M (nominal)
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Louisiana counties

Net migration by county. Hover for figures; click a county to open it.

Net outNet in(AGI $)
Hover an area to trace its top 5 inbound (in) and outbound (out) moves.
Net income (AGI) that moved in minus out, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation).Net tax returns (filing households) that moved in minus out.Net people per 1,000 residents, so larger and smaller areas compare fairly.
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Top origin states

  1. 1Texas10,522$566.7M
  2. 2Mississippi3,108$153.6M
  3. 3Florida2,765$180.9M
  4. 4California2,093$146M
  5. 5Georgia1,747$88.6M
  6. 6Alabama1,101$66.9M
  7. 7Arkansas1,063$51.3M
  8. 8Tennessee987$58.3M
  9. 9North Carolina984$55.6M
  10. 10New York941$61.9M
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Top destination states

  1. 1Texas15,068$858.5M
  2. 2Mississippi3,689$220M
  3. 3Florida3,359$303.7M
  4. 4Georgia2,194$115.4M
  5. 5California2,019$141.9M
  6. 6Tennessee1,551$106.9M
  7. 7Arkansas1,423$78.5M
  8. 8Alabama1,375$93.4M
  9. 9Colorado1,336$81.9M
  10. 10North Carolina1,295$93.8M
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Churn by state · both directions at once

The biggest two-way exchanges of filing households, 20222023. Moved in and moved out are gross one-way counts; net is the difference. Click a column to sort.

Texas10,52215,068-4,546-$291.8M
Mississippi3,1083,689-581-$66.4M
Florida2,7653,359-594-$122.8M
California2,0932,019+74+$4.1M
Georgia1,7472,194-447-$26.7M
Tennessee9871,551-564-$48.6M
Arkansas1,0631,423-360-$27.3M
Alabama1,1011,375-274-$26.5M
North Carolina9841,295-311-$38.2M
Colorado9071,336-429-$25.8M
New York9411,005-64+$1.2M
Virginia8411,082-241-$15.4M

Counts are filing households (IRS returns), matching the lists above; income is nominal AGI. A dash means the IRS published only one direction of that exchange (small flows are suppressed), so no net is computed.

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Net migration by year

Net 2012–2023: -$6.3B (-187,450 people)
20122023
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Net AGI and net people by year (nominal dollars)
YearNet AGINet people
2012-$86.7M-1,046
2013-$349.3M-4,118
2014-$470.5M-8,007
2015-$310.8M-3,738
2016-$226.5M-10,738
2017-$721.4M-28,593
2018-$544M-19,769
2019-$497.4M-18,951
2020-$567.8M-20,627
2021-$857.3M-28,291
2022-$874.8M-26,164
2023-$806M-17,408
Migration in context

How big is this move, relative to the state?

In the 20222023 filing year, about 17,408 more people left Louisiana than moved in (counting tax filers and their dependents) — a net loss of about $806M in income (nominal) — in a state of 4,598,777 people.

Population
4,598,777
Census 2023 estimate
Net migration rate
-3.8
net people per 1,000 residents
A town of 10,000 would net about -38 people.
Net income per resident
−$175
nominal dollars
-$806M total across 4,598,777 residents.

The rate lets you compare Louisiana with a stateof any size: it’s the net flow divided by population. The IRS counts tax filers; population counts all residents, so read the rate as a scale indicator, not a literal share of people.

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Components of population change · 2023 (Census)

Where the state’s overall change came from. Census counts all residents; the IRS migration above is one slice of the domestic-migration component.

Births
+56,694
Deaths
-50,219
Net domestic migration
-31,283
Net international migration
+22,784
Total change
-2,115

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program. Figures are people, not tax filers.

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Income & cost of living

What a dollar is worth here

Prices around Louisiana run about 11% below the national average. In plain terms: $100 spent here buys about what $113 buys in the average American community. The figures below apply that to income, each compared to the U.S. average of $70,002 per person.

Income per person
$58,996
what people here earn (BEA 2023, nominal)
16% below the U.S. average
Price level
88.7
100 = U.S. average prices (BEA price parity)
everyday costs about 11.3% lower than average
What that income buys
$66,512
local income restated at U.S.-average prices
5% below the U.S. average
Cheaper than U.S. avgU.S. average (100)Pricier

Price parity shown at the state level (BEA does not publish a single figure below the metro level).

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Where the cost comes from · price parity by category

Index where 100 = U.S. average for that category. Housing is usually what separates one place from another.

Housing & rents65.1
Goods93.0
Utilities76.7
Other services95.6

Housing is measured from rents (including an estimated rental value for owner-occupied homes), so a run-up in purchase prices shows here only as it reaches rents. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer income above. How the data works.

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Who lives here

The people of Louisiana

American Community Survey, 2019–2023 (a 5-year average of all residents, not just tax filers).

Median age
37.8
years
Median household income
$60,023
per household (ACS 2019–2023, nominal)
24% below the U.S. median
College degree
27%
adults 25+ with a bachelor's or higher
Poverty rate
18.9%
residents below the poverty line
Average commute
26 min
mean travel time to work
Broadband at home
85%
households with any broadband
Race and ethnicity (share of residents)
White 56%Hispanic 7%Black 31%Asian 2%Other 4%

White, Black, and Asian counts are people who are not Hispanic or Latino; Hispanic or Latino can be of any race. Shares are rounded and may not total 100.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates. Covers all residents, a separate universe from the IRS filer data. A 5-year estimate is an average over 2019–2023; compare years at least five apart, since consecutive windows overlap. How the data works.

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Housing · what it costs to live here (ACS 2019–2023)

Median home value
$208,700
owner-occupied homes
31% below the U.S. median
Median rent
$1,038
gross rent per month
23% below the U.S. median
Homeownership
67%
of occupied homes are owner-occupied
Home-price appreciation · FHFA index, 2023
Past year
+1.6%
price change, 2022 to 2023
Past 5 years
+24%
price change, 2018 to 2023

A repeat-sales index (how much the same homes changed in price), so it tracks the market over time rather than the current level. Source: Federal Housing Finance Agency, annual all-transactions HPI; the county series is FHFA’s developmental index.

New home construction · building permits, 2023
14,247new housing units authorized in 2023
Single-family 79%Multifamily 21%

Units authorized by residential building permits (new supply), summed from counties for the state and U.S. Permits are authorizations, not completions. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey.

Home value is what owners estimate their homes are worth, not recent sale prices. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2019–2023), nominal dollars. How the data works.

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Local economy & risk

Jobs and natural hazards

Unemployment rate
3.7%
BLS 2023 annual average
Labor force
2,080,626
2,003,271 employed
Disaster declarations
major federal, 2023

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS) and FEMA. A disaster declaration marks federal assistance eligibility, not damage severity, and says nothing about why anyone moved. How the data works.

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Unemployment now
4.4%
May 2026 · ▲ 0.1 points vs May 2025
January 2024May 2026

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS). Monthly unemployment for this state, not seasonally adjusted. Updated every month, so it moves faster than the annual average above. How the data works.

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Who’s moving by income

Net migration by income bracket

Tax-filing households that moved into Louisiana minus those that left, by the adjusted gross income they reported, 20222023. Positive means more arrived than left at that income level.

$1–$10k
-586
In 4,086Out 4,672-$3.7M AGI
$10k–$25k
-1,896
In 10,232Out 12,128-$35M AGI
$25k–$50k
-3,248
In 9,515Out 12,763-$116.8M AGI
$50k–$75k
-1,724
In 4,915Out 6,639-$104.8M AGI
$75k–$100k
-829
In 2,828Out 3,657-$72.9M AGI
$100k–$200k
-1,266
In 4,037Out 5,303-$168.6M AGI
$200k+
-661
In 1,508Out 2,169-$306M AGI

Among the highest earners ($200k+), Louisiana ranks #36 of 51 states for net household migration (-661).

Source: IRS Statistics of Income, state-level gross migration file (returns with negative AGI are excluded, so this won’t exactly match the totals above). Income is what filers reported, not a reason anyone moved. Compare all states by income bracket. How the data works.

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Goods trade

What Louisiana ships and receives

Physical goods shipped between Louisiana and other states, 2022. This is freight, not the migration of people or income shown above.

$135.6B
Ships to other states
+23% since 2017
$173.1B
Receives from states
+39% since 2017
-$37.5B
Net balance

Top goods shipped out

Fuel oils
$79.1B
Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel
$71.3B
Basic chemicals
$29.9B
Other coal and petroleum products, not elsewhere classified
$29.4B
Plastics and rubber
$27.3B
Agricultural products (excludes animal feed, cereal grains, and forage products)
$13.3B

Top goods received

Fuel oils
$68.0B
Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel
$52.6B
Pharmaceutical products
$26.2B
Agricultural products (excludes animal feed, cereal grains, and forage products)
$22.6B
Basic chemicals
$21.8B
Other coal and petroleum products, not elsewhere classified
$21.7B

Biggest trading partners (both ways)

Goods trade runs in both directions: states swap different goods, so a partner is often near the top of both columns. Net is ships minus receives (positive means Louisiana ships more to that partner than it gets back).

PartnerShips toReceivesNetTotal
Texas$42.8B$61.1B-$18.3B$103.8B
Mississippi$17.5B$12.5B+$5.0B$30.0B
Illinois$5.7B$16.4B-$10.7B$22.1B
California$6.5B$7.8B-$1.3B$14.3B
Tennessee$4.5B$6.6B-$2.2B$11.1B
Alabama$5.0B$5.1B-$47M$10.1B
Florida$4.8B$4.9B-$50M$9.7B
Georgia$3.8B$4.7B-$962M$8.5B

Goods shipped every five years by the Census Commodity Flow Survey (a sample, so figures are estimates and the smallest flows are withheld). Value is nominal. The totals and partner table above count trade between Louisiana and other states; the goods lists count everything the state ships or receives, including within-state shipments. Compare all states. How the data works.

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Taxes the state collects

What Louisiana collects in taxes

Total state taxes
$16.1B
FY 2023, nominal
Per resident
$3,492
total state taxes ÷ population
Largest categories (share of total)
General sales & gross receipts$4.8B · 30%
Individual income tax$4.7B · 29%
Insurance premium sales tax$1.2B · 8%
Corporation net income tax$1.2B · 8%
Severance taxes$842M · 5%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections. This is what the state government collected (not local taxes), not a measure of any individual’s tax burden. How the data works.

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How Louisiana has voted. Certified returns, popular vote only. This is a separate dataset from the migration figures on this page.

President, 19762024

YearDemocraticRepublicanOtherMarginTotal
2024766,8701,208,50531,600R +22.02,006,975
2020856,0341,255,77636,252R +18.62,148,062
2016780,1541,178,63870,240R +19.62,029,032
2012809,1411,152,26232,662R +17.21,994,065
2008781,5741,148,01529,496R +18.71,959,085
2004820,2991,102,16920,638R +14.51,943,106
2000792,344927,87145,441R +7.71,765,656
1996927,837712,586143,536D +12.11,783,959
1992815,971733,386240,660D +4.61,790,017
1988717,460883,70227,040R +10.21,628,202
1984651,5861,037,29917,937R +22.61,706,822
1980708,453792,85347,285R +5.51,548,591
1976661,365587,44628,572D +5.81,277,383

U.S. Senate races · all states →

YearWinnerDemocraticRepublicanOtherMargin
2022John Kennedy481,065876,84325,382R +28.6
2020"bill" Cassidy730,9891,267,29173,263R +25.9
2016John Kennedy705,2711,239,48952,458R +26.7
2014Bill Cassidy1,581,0411,929,10813,034R +9.9
2010David Vitter476,572715,41573,007R +18.9
2008Mary L. Landrieu988,298867,17741,099D +6.4
2004David Vitter877,482943,01427,560R +3.5
2002Mary L. Landrieu1,235,5541,229,34416,731D +0.3

U.S. House seats won · district maps →

2024
D 2 · R 4
2022
D 1 · R 5
2020
D 1 · R 5
2018
D 1 · R 5
2016
D 1 · R 5
2014
D 1 · R 5
2012
D 1 · R 5
2010
D 1 · R 6
2008
D 1 · R 6
2006
D 2 · R 5
2004
D 2 · R 5
2002
D 3 · R 4
2000
D 2 · R 5

2024 results by county

Republican wonDemocratic wonIndependent / other
Which party received the most votes, as a solid color.Winning margin as a share of all votes cast.Change in margin since 2020, in percentage points.Total votes cast, all candidates.
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Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab county returns (CC0). Margins are the popular-vote gap as a share of all votes cast.

Counties in Louisiana (64)

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