How America Moves

What changed in the 2022–2023 migration data

Biggest movers in the latest IRS Statistics of Income release.

In the 2022 to 2023 filing years, Florida recorded the largest net gain of income (AGI) among states at +$20.6B nominal, and California the largest net loss at -$12.9B. The tables below rank the biggest state and county movers by net income and net people, with the prior year alongside for context.

States by net income (AGI)

Biggest gains

  1. 1Florida+$20.6Bwas +$36.1B
  2. 2Texas+$5.3Bwas +$10.2B
  3. 3South Carolina+$4.1Bwas +$4.8B
  4. 4North Carolina+$3.9Bwas +$4.6B
  5. 5Tennessee+$2.7Bwas +$4.7B
  6. 6Arizona+$2.7Bwas +$3.7B
  7. 7Nevada+$1.5Bwas +$3.1B
  8. 8Idaho+$980.6Mwas +$1.7B
  9. 9New Hampshire+$743.5Mwas +$886.8M
  10. 10Georgia+$678.5Mwas +$715M

Biggest losses

  1. 1California-$12.9Bwas -$23.8B
  2. 2New York-$10.6Bwas -$14.2B
  3. 3Illinois-$6.1Bwas -$9.8B
  4. 4Massachusetts-$4.2Bwas -$3.9B
  5. 5New Jersey-$2.8Bwas -$5.3B
  6. 6Pennsylvania-$2.3Bwas -$2.8B
  7. 7Maryland-$1.9Bwas -$2.7B
  8. 8Ohio-$1.7Bwas -$2.1B
  9. 9Minnesota-$1.5Bwas -$2.2B
  10. 10Michigan-$1Bwas -$1.4B
Values are net for the 2022 to 2023 filing years.

States by net people

Biggest gains

  1. 1Florida+113,945was +246,100
  2. 2Texas+111,404was +183,346
  3. 3North Carolina+69,419was +83,708
  4. 4South Carolina+59,037was +70,773
  5. 5Tennessee+42,740was +60,959
  6. 6Georgia+35,106was +51,489
  7. 7Arizona+26,663was +36,924
  8. 8Alabama+16,421was +22,706
  9. 9Idaho+12,734was +20,276
  10. 10Oklahoma+12,516was +21,182

Biggest losses

  1. 1California-209,197was -305,982
  2. 2New York-164,112was -224,781
  3. 3Illinois-55,609was -87,286
  4. 4New Jersey-32,182was -38,070
  5. 5Massachusetts-30,460was -45,614
  6. 6Maryland-20,851was -26,561
  7. 7Louisiana-17,408was -26,164
  8. 8Pennsylvania-15,939was -22,427
  9. 9Michigan-9,417was -13,015
  10. 10Minnesota-8,125was -13,460
Values are net for the 2022 to 2023 filing years.

Counties by net income (AGI)

Biggest gains

  1. 1Palm Beach County, FL+$3Bwas +$5B
  2. 2Collier County, FL+$2.2Bwas +$4.4B
  3. 3Maricopa County, AZ+$1.4Bwas +$1.8B
  4. 4Lee County, FL+$1.3Bwas +$2.2B
  5. 5Denton County, TX+$1.2Bwas +$1.4B
  6. 6Clark County, NV+$1.2Bwas +$2.3B
  7. 7Sarasota County, FL+$1.1Bwas +$2.6B
  8. 8Manatee County, FL+$1.1Bwas +$919.9M
  9. 9Williamson County, TX+$986.9Mwas +$1.2B
  10. 10Pasco County, FL+$967.2Mwas +$1B

Biggest losses

  1. 1Cook County, IL-$4.5Bwas -$7.2B
  2. 2Los Angeles County, CA-$4.4Bwas -$6.3B
  3. 3New York County, NY-$3.2Bwas -$3.7B
  4. 4Santa Clara County, CA-$3.1Bwas -$5.8B
  5. 5King County, WA-$2.2Bwas -$3.6B
  6. 6San Francisco County, CA-$2.1Bwas -$4.8B
  7. 7Queens County, NY-$1.9Bwas -$2.4B
  8. 8Suffolk County, MA-$1.7Bwas -$2.2B
  9. 9Middlesex County, MA-$1.6Bwas -$1.4B
  10. 10Alameda County, CA-$1.4Bwas -$2.5B
Values are net for the 2022 to 2023 filing years.

Counties by net people

Biggest gains

  1. 1Montgomery County, TX+18,577was +20,151
  2. 2Polk County, FL+18,556was +24,613
  3. 3Pasco County, FL+18,430was +20,320
  4. 4Collin County, TX+18,388was +21,883
  5. 5Williamson County, TX+14,863was +15,430
  6. 6Denton County, TX+13,794was +17,678
  7. 7Pinal County, AZ+13,700was +13,773
  8. 8Lake County, FL+12,855was +11,656
  9. 9Marion County, FL+11,408was +12,712
  10. 10Horry County, SC+11,230was +13,466

Biggest losses

  1. 1Los Angeles County, CA-86,523was -117,458
  2. 2Cook County, IL-42,264was -69,302
  3. 3Kings County, NY-41,084was -58,586
  4. 4Queens County, NY-41,024was -56,057
  5. 5Miami-Dade County, FL-40,258was -28,370
  6. 6Bronx County, NY-31,100was -45,374
  7. 7Dallas County, TX-29,269was -23,832
  8. 8Orange County, CA-22,420was -29,831
  9. 9Santa Clara County, CA-22,360was -33,118
  10. 10Harris County, TX-21,215was -16,414
Values are net for the 2022 to 2023 filing years.

Net = arrivals minus departures for the 2022–2023filing years. "Prior year" is the same net for 2021–2022 where the IRS published it. Figures cover federal income tax filers only; AGI is nominal (not inflation adjusted) and is not a measure of economic gain or loss. Source: IRS Statistics of Income migration data (public domain). Methodology. All releases.